| Following is a list of publications
on the subject. For further information contact Isotherm,
Inc
- Ayub, Z. H. and Chyu, M-C., “Case
Study of Ammonia Flooded Evaporator with Different Types
of Carbon Steel Enhanced Tubes along the Bundle Height”,
Proceedings of the 6th Gustav Lorentzen Natural Working
Fluids Conference, Glasgow, UK, 2004.
- Ayub, Z. H., “Ammonia Refrigeration
Heat Transfer Enhancement”, Heat Transfer Engineering,
Vol. 25, No. 5, 2004, pp. 4-5.
- Ayub, Z. H., “Industrial Refrigeration
and Ammonia Enhanced Heat Transfer”, Proceedings of
the ASME-ZSIS International Thermal Science Seminar II (CD-ROM),
Slovenia, June, 2004, pp. 13-23.
- Ayub, Z. H., “Plate Heat Exchanger
Literature Survey and New Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop
Correlations for Refrigerant Evaporators,” Heat Transfer
Engineering, Vol. 24, No. 5, 2003, pp. 3-16.
- Ayub, Z., “Case Study: Practical
Application of Enhancement Device in an Ammonia Flooded
Evaporator,” Journal of Enhanced Heat Transfer, Vol.
6, No. 1, 1999, pp. 31-35.
- Ayub, Z. H. and Chyu, M.-C., “Application
of Passive Enhancement to a 400 Ton Propylene Glycol/Ammonia
Spray Evaporator,” Process Enhanced and Multi-Phase
Heat Transfer, Begell House, Inc., New York, 1996, pp. 333-338.
- Ayub, Z. H., Chyu, M.-C., and Zeng, X.,
“The Design and Operational Characteristics of Ammonia
Spray Evaporators,” Proceedings of the 18th International
Institute of Ammonia Refrigeration, Atlanta, 1996, pp. 315-363.
- Ayub, Z. H., “Thermal Storage Vertical
Falling Film Shell-and-Tube Ammonia Evaporator,” Proceedings
of the 14th International Institute of Ammonia Refrigeration,
Miami, 1992, pp. 285-302.
- Ayub, Z. H. and Knewitz, S. K., “Limited
Inventory Ammonia Falling Film Spray Evaporators,”
Proceedings of the 13th International Institute of Ammonia
Refrigeration, San Francisco, 1991, pp. 61-78.
- Ayub, Z. H., “Application of Enhanced
Heat Transfer Surfaces,” Proceedings of the 11th International
Institute of Ammonia Refrigeration, Austin, 1989, pp. 319-340.
- Ayub, Z. H., “Vertical Falling
Film Multi-Tube Heat Exchanger,” United States Patent
4,932,468, 1989.
- Ayub, Z. H., “Distributor for Plate
Exchangers,” United States Patent 6,179,051, 2001.
- Brown, J. and Pearson S. F., “Performance
of Propane, Ammonia and Carbon Dioxide in Long Tube Evaporators
and Plate Heat Exchangers,” IIR B1,B2, E1, E2, 1996,
Aarhus, Denmark.
- Combs, S.K., “An Experimental Study
of Heat Transfer Enhancement For Ammonia Condensing On Vertical
Fluted Tubes,” Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Technical
Report, ORNL-5356. 1978.
- Combs, S.K., “Experimental Data
For Ammonia Condensation On Vertical And Inclined Fluted
Tues,” Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Technical Report,
ORNL-5488. 1979.
- Conti, R. J., “Experimental Investigation
of Horizontal Tube Ammonia Film Evaporators with Small Temperature
Differentials,” Proc. of the 5th OTEC Conf., 1978,
Miami Beach.
- Danilova, G. N., Guigo, E. I., Borishanskaya,
A. V., Bukin, V. G., Dyundin, V. A., Kozyrev, A. A., Malkov,
L. S., and Malyugin, G. I., “The Enhancement of Heat
Transfer with Low-Temperature Liquid Boiling at Small Heat
Flux Rates,” Proc. 5th All-Union Heat and Mass Transfer
Conf., 1976, Minsk.
- Danilova, G. N., Dyundin, V. A., and
Soloviyov, A. G., “Heat Transfer in Boiling of R 717
and R 22 Refrigerants on Multirow Tube Bundles,” Heat
Transfer Research, Vol. 24, No. 7, 1992, pp. 889-893.
- De Buhr, H.-J. and Kabelac, S., “Flow
boiling Heat Transfer of Ammonia and Ammnonia-Oil Mixtures,”
Natural Working Fluids 1998 IIR - Gustav Lorentzen Conference,
Refrigeration Science and Technology, Oslo (Norway), June
2-5, 1998, pp.138-144
- Domingo, N. “Condensation Of Ammonia
On The Outside Of Smooth And Fluted Tubes At Various Tube
Positions,” Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Technical
Report, ORNL-5826. 1982.
- Fricke, H. D. and Czikk, A. M., “Enhanced
OTEC Spray Bundle Evaporator Performance Studies,”
Advances in Enhanced Heat Transfer ASME, New York, 1979,
pp. 23-29.
- Hillis, L., Lorenz, J. L., Yung, D. T.,
and Sather, N. F., “OTEC Performance Test of the Union
Carbide Sprayed Bundle Evaporator,” DOE Report ANL
OTEC-PS-3, 1979.
- Huang, Q., Lu, Y.S., Deng, S.J., Zhuang,
L.X., and Chen, G.H., “An Experimental Study on Heat
Transfer Enhancement of Ammonia Flooded Evaporators at Air-Conditioning
Conditions,” Chemical Engineering Research Institute,
South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China (in
Chinese), 1990.
- Kabelac, S. and De Buhr, H,-J., “Flow
Boiling of Ammonia in a Plain and Low Finned Horizontal
Tube,” Int. J. Ref, 24, 2001, pp. 41-50.
- Kelly, J.E., S.J. Eckels, D. L. Fenton,
and Q.S. Lies, “A Survey of In-tube Evaporation of
Ammonia Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Investigation,”
ASHRAE Transactions, 1999, Vol.105, pt.1, pp. 110-123.
- Kelly, J.E., S.J. Eckels, and D. Fenton,
“An Experimental Investigation of the In-Tube Evaporation
of Pure Ammonia in a Smooth and a Microfin Tube, Part I:
Heat Transfer (866-RP).” International Journal of
HVAC&R Research 8(3) 2002: 239-255
- Kelly, J.E., S.J. Eckels, and D. Fenton,
“An Experimental Investigation of the In-Tube Evaporation
of Pure Ammonia in a Smooth and a Microfin Tube, Part I:
Heat Transfer (866-RP).” International Journal of
HVAC&R Research 8(3) 2002: 239-255
- Komandiwirya, H., Vollrath, J., Hrnjak,
P., and Newell, T., “An Experimental Investigation
of Pressure Drop and Heat Transfer in an In-tube Condensation
System of Ammonia with and without Miscible Oil in Smooth
and Enhanced Tubes.” 1207-RP Final Report, ASHRAE,
Atlanta, 2004.
- Lippold, H., “Heat Transfer Coefficients
for the Evaporation of Ammonia and Ammonia-Dimethylether-Mixture,
Kaltetechnik/Kaltemittel (in German) Vol. 2, 2001, pp. 78-82.
- Mailen, G.S., “The Enhancement
of Heat Transfer For Ammonia Evaporation Outside Vertical
Tubes,” Technical Report, ORNL-5639, 1980.
- Mailen, G.S., “The Enhancement
of Heat Transfer For Ammonia Evaporation Outside Vertical
Tubes,” Technical Report, ORNL-5639, 1980.
- Panchal, C. B., Buyco, E. H., Yampolsky,
J., and Bell, K. J., “A Spirally Fluted Tube Heat
Exchanger as a Condenser and Evaporator,” Proc. of
the 8th Int’l Heat Transfer Conf., 1986, Vol. 6, San
Francisco, pp. 2787-2792.
- Panchal, C.B., “Analysis of Flow
Boiling of Ammonia ans R-114 in a Matrix Heat Exchanger,”
The 26th Nat. Heat Tranf. Conf, 1989, Philadelphia, PA.
- Pearson, S.F., “Enhanced Heat Transfer
Surfaces: A Method of Improving Performance of Refrigerating
Systems,” Proc Inst. Ref., 1998, pp. 7/1-8.
- Pyper, J.C. and Danis, R., “Development
of Enhanced Surface Aluminum Tubes for Ammonia Flooded Chillers,”
Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of Int. Inst. of Ammonia
Refrigeration, Vancouver, 1993, pp.250-268.
- Rabas, T.J. and Mitchell, H., “Internally
Enhanced Carbon Steel Tubes for Ammonia Chillers,”
J. Heat Tranfer Engineering, 2000, 21(5), pp. 3-16.
- Rifert, V. G., Trokoz, Y. Y., and Zadiraka,
V. Y., “Enhancement of Heat Transfer in Condensation
of Ammonia Vapor on a Bundle of Wire-Finned Tubes,”
Heat Transfer-Soviet Research, Vol. 16, No. 1, 1985, pp.36-41.
- Sabin, C.M., Poppendiek, H.F., Connelly,
D.J., and Dunbar, “Heat Transfer Enhancement For The
OTEC Evaporator,” Technical Report, GLR-1977, 1977.
- Sabin, C.M., Poppendiek, H.F., “Film
Evaporation of Ammnoia over Horizontal Round Tubes,”
Proc. of the 5th OTEC Conf., 1978, Miami Beach.
- Solov’ev, A.G., Djundin, V.A.,
and Danilov, G. N., “Influence of Porous Surface of
a Bundle of Tubes on the Intensity of Heat Transfer during
Ammonia Boiling,” Kholodil’naya Tehnika (in
Russian), 10, 1988, pp. 33-36.
- Young, M., Plate Heat Exchangers as Liquid
Cooling Evaporators in Ammonia Refrigeration Systems, Proceedings
of the IIAR 16th Annual Meeting, 1994, St.
Louis.
- Zeng, X., Chyu, M.-C., and Ayub, Z. H.,
“Ammonia Spray Evaporation Heat Transfer Performance
of Single Low-Fin and Corrugated Tubes,” ASHRAE Transactions,
1998, Vol. 104, pt. 1, pp. 185-196.
- Zeng, X., Chyu, M.-C., and Ayub, Z. H.,
“An Experimental Study of Spray Evaporation of Ammonia
in a Square-Pitch, Low-Fin Tube Bundle”, International
Journal of Heat Exchangers, Vol. II, No. 2, 2001, pp. 129-149.
- Zeng, X., Chyu, M.-C., and Ayub, Z. H.,
“Experimental Investigation on Ammonia Spray Evaporator
with Triangular-Pitch Bundle, Part II: Evaporator Performance,”
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 44/12,
2001, pp. 2299-2310.
- Zeng, X., Chyu, M.-C., and Ayub, Z. H.,
“Experimental Investigation on Ammonia Spray Evaporator
with Triangular-Pitch Bundle, Part I: Tube Bundle Effect,”
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 44/11,
2001, pp. 2081-2092.
- Zeng, X., Chyu, M.-C., and Ayub, Z. H.,
“An Experimental Study of Spray Evaporation of Ammonia
in a Square-Pitch, Low-Fin Tube Bundle, “Proceedings
of the 34th National Heat Transfer Conference (CD_ROM),
Pittsburg, PA, August, 2000, Paper NHTC-2000-12215.
- Zeng, X., Chyu, M.-C., and Ayub, Z. H.,
“Ammonia Spray Evaporation Heat Transfer Performance
of Single Low-Fin and Corrugated Tubes, “Proceedings
of the ASME-ZSITS International Thermal Science Seminar
(CD-ROM), Slovenia, June, 2000, pp. 325-332.
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